![]() ![]() ![]() The mining industry witnessed a veritable boom, with many new mines opened to produce gold, silver, copper, and iron, furthering, in turn, the development of smiths and foundries. Economic boomĭespite political instability, the Sengoku period saw remarkable economic growth: the Sengoku daimyō worked to enrich their domains, built up their armies and implemented flood control and land reclamation projects agriculture expanded, and rice harvests increased substantially, as did the production of raw materials for handicraft industries. Only in the 1560s did Oda Nobunaga succeed in defeating his competitors and emerge as a potential national unifier of Japan. ![]() These regional warlords waged constant war to defend or enlarge their domains. The imperial court, the Ashikaga shōgun, the shugo based in Kyōto, and temples found themselves powerless against this new group of local rulers, called Sengoku daimyō. Although the Sengoku Period is often described as a transitional period between the medieval and premodern ages, most historians regard it as the final stage of Japan’s middle ages.Īs a result of weakening shogunal leadership, local shugodai (守護代, deputy military governors) and kokujin (国人, local military proprietors) established military and political control over provinces that had previously been ruled by the great shugo (守護, military governor) houses. Some historians date it from 1490, when Hosokawa Katsumoto (細川 勝元, 1430-1473), the kanrei (管領, shogunal deputy), took over the actual power of the Muromachi shogunate, others from 1491, when Hōjō Sōun (北条 早雲, 1432-1519) conquered Izu Province (modern-day Shizuoka Prefecture) and began to rise to control over the Kantō region. Warring States Period (1467-1568) The Sengoku Period (戦国時代) lasted from 1467, the beginning of the Ōnin War (応仁の乱 Ōnin no Ran), until 1568, the year Oda Nobunaga entered Kyōto to assert national hegemony. ![]()
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